Antifriction-bearing.



L. s. BACHE., 11111111111111111111LBEARING..

APPMCATWN HLED SEPT.22. I9l5` 05%@1 MAM `LJ Patented July 31,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

LEIGHS. `IBACHE, 01'I MIDDLESEX OILJLESS BEARING COMPANY, NEW JERSEY.

BOROUGH,

Bpecleation of Letters Patent. i

4 NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB T0 .BOUND BROOK OF BOUNDBROOX, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF` ANTIFBIorIoN-BEARING.

Patented duly 31, 1 917.

Application led September 22, 1915. Serial No. 52,692.

To alZ'w/wm t may concern Be it 'known that I, Linen S'. BACHE, a States, and a resident citizen of the United of the Borough ofMiddlesex, in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful improve ments in Antifriction-Bearings, of which the following i a full,` clear, and exact descrip* tion, where y anyone skilled in the art may make and u'se the same. The invention relates to anti-friction bearings f a' peculiar composite type, that is, a bearing` having two distinctively different materials arranged to form a composite Structure and producing an anti-friction bearing surface.

Themain. object of the invention is to provide a bearing having a shell portion which 4is shrunk down upon, and retains the anti-friction inserts in grooves orinterlocking retainers in sueh a manner that therecan heno displacement of the lubricating materials with reference to the main bearf in7 shell.

@object ofthe invention is to provide a bearing, one portion of which may be formed with interlocking retainers for an anti-friction substance which has been introduced in units. i

A further object is to provide a bearing which may be cast in a single'picce with a central bore which is surrounded with ggckets wider at their base than at their aring surface and lill in g said pockets with inserts.` The inserts are shrunk into and held firmly in the cast portion of the bear- -A is also an object of the invention to provide ajbearing consisting egt' a metal shell and with lubricating fiber bearing port-ions inserted and locked Vin the shell, said inserts being axially or spil-ally arranged with rei erenee lo the axisot' the shell.

Referring to the ('lrawings: Figure 1 is an end view of the bearing. .Finn 2 isa longitlulinafl section on the line B--li of Fi. 1l.

F 3 is' giifsimilar sectional view showing an angular disposition of the longitudinal retaining pockets.

Fig. 4 shows a form of .insert for the straight liiuretainers and also an insert for vthe spiral or angularly l'ormed retainer pocket.

\ with lubricants ot' one Eig. 5 illustrates a core and mandrel u on Wlnc the metallic portion of the bearing may be formed.

F ig. 6 illustrates a form of mold withnthc` core or mandrel in place and the metal part of the` curing poured tliereabout and broken 1n section.

Fig.

7 illustrates the mandrel'as driven out. z

Fig. Bis a view similar to Fig. 7 illustrating the arrangement where spiral inserts are employed. i i Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 illustratnurr the arrangement where the. inserts remain in the casting while the central bore is dri `veu out.

It is admittedly old in the composite bearings by ferent characters for the lnain whole or parts, of

art to form using lnotals ofdiishell and the [be bearing surface. It is also old in the art to use impregnated fiber and wood bearings in -whieh rhen1uterial is inrl'ircgnated through and through form or another to provide an anti-l`rir-tion surface which is always sclf-lulnicaling- 'In the types of composite bearings. it l|asbeen a common practice to provide grooves of one form or another about the Vbearing7 Surface 0r central bore which Igrooves hart been commonly employed to hold a lubrim cant.

So far as known to applicant. it has been impossible to provide a perfect audA prarlical combinationo metal with librons soll'-4 lubricating members formingr [.n'acticallv a homogeneous part of the whole structure. There have been man v dillil-.nlties in ille wav 0f providing: surh a bearing. 'lhe liber or woodvfould not bc properl \Y locked Vin the metal and the proper proportions of lubri- Catnip,r wood or liber und lnetal could ,not be. used and united to form a successful bearing. 'The invention herein described over-foules the man v objections heretofore eiuountered amlprovide a complete bear-- in; r in which ylockintgr rrooves may be readily formed in the metal, of a definite and acenrate. size andv may be completely filled with inserts of impregnated fiber. The various elements when assembled and in place. provide a complete bear-innr with a .proper gage for its central borel he exact form, ninnbcr and disposition of the locking grooves` be made of any is of course', one which may be determined to suit any particular type ot' bearing desired but in any instance, the .metal .is rpractically cast to form, with reference to the inserts.

In the accompanying drawings, u, denotes the metallic shell which may be oi any desired ,type or composition of metal, bronze or Babbitt, as the latter is very well adapted for use in conjunction with the selflubrieating inserts.

The shell is formed witlia series of longitudinally extending locking grooves Zi', which, as illustrated in. the drawings are-otI the general form of' al locking keyincr-osssccliou. lThese openings or grooves b, Imay extend axially of the bearing and in direct parallel line with the axis thereof', as illus-- trated in Figs l and 2, or they may bean! gularly disposed as a spiral of long pitch, as illustrated in Fig.- 5. In either case, they immediately surround the eentralbore c, and' open therclnto so that there 1s a solid wall v (l, of broken cylindrical form between the several grooves. Fitting closely within the 'self to prevent frictional heats. vaddition of Ythe intermediate metallic. portions of the .Bab-

it provides A line vbitt and thus the whole bearing surface will grooves. b, are inserts e, which may be of an entirely different character of material from the body of the bearing a.

It has beenl found that-inserts formed of a saturated wood or fiber such as described in my 'co-pending `application Serial No. 815,084-, filed Juliol-3th, 191i, which has since issued as latent No.l 1,197,428, under date of Septembrn', 1,916, are particularly cflicacious. This wood or liber is described as and consists of a material which isimpreg-h nated with waxes of various sorts having a very high melting point. It followsthat the lubricant will exude from. the material only to a lslight degreel when subjected to consid'- erable heat. It is therefore especially advantageous to use it in the casting process defined herein. Of course, thev inserts might propel' lubricating material which has body and substance enough tobe 'formed asa unit and which may be forcibly compressed into the ends.

the inserts as at f, than the base of the inserts as at g, and this provides a comparatively wide bearing face of metal h, between the adjacent inserts.

The arrangement also has additional. ad?

vantages to those of mere surface' contact.

, An unusually strong bearing may be formed structure.

as the n'etul portions are not substantially weakened, being always backed up Yby the type or cross-section tend to strengthen the whole Furthermore, where` the lubrisired and ordinary sharpb blow grooves from their is considerably. narrower-'r cated wood or -fiber is employed,l asa. su i cient amountofheat'v is developed, to withh ldraw a thin lm of lubricantfromthe fiber, any undue friction 4ceases andl there no fende of the grooves, thus vformed in be perfectly and thoroughly 'lubricated to just a suilicient degree to .prevent further heating. Therefore, there Iis no undue exe haustion 'of the lubricating materials of the fiber.

In order to secure and solidity that Babbitt ,absolute lregistration or any similar inetal, which isf about a cori,` such as illustrated in lVgs. to 7 ofthe drawing. This core in .practic Y or any suitable vcore lmate-v even metal and, of course, has a cen-"1 may be of wood rial or tral barrel by members u corresponding in size and shape to thegrooves which it is desired to form in the finished bearing. The. central core portion o, between 'the membersu, is of the diameter which, itis desired to provide for the central bore of the bushing or bearing. This core is supported in any demanner and is surrounded b the outer portion of the mold lw. v Vhen t e molds are properly assembled with their cores, the metal is poured therein offormation, it has been found,

. 9p used for the bearing shell, may be poured;-

and before the metal has had an opportunity n of .thoroughly chilling and hardening, lthe upper endA ofrthe core-member t, is given a and it is driven. out through the bottom of the mold and core-support m.

This driving of the core out of the metal be- It will benoted that the wearing face ofvr fore'it has thoroughly congealed, routs the .I

formed from the fibrous material and by .n

any suitable mechanism are inserted into the metal 'shelland put down under isulieient pressure vto drive them snugly into. 'the grooves so y that lthey will completely fill said grooves.. The bearing may,of course, be rebored, groui1d or treated in any desired mechanical manner, dinary purposes, great accuracy can 'be maintained b A.the above described method of forming and compara tively no 1B reqmledi-Q-.Q

uniform size although for `orit has boem' found that die. l

any rate, for the interior bore. It is, of course, myv theory that the molten metal when striking the'eore, isslightly lchilled adjacent to the core and with the residual heat of the balance of the casting, it is quite feasible to drive the mandrel or eore out of the casting, at the same time, routing it and giving it aperfeet tinsh as to its central bore and surrounding retaining grooves. Thereupon with a substantially even shrink age, the ii rous insertsare permanently bound in to the strueture lt is quite possible to arrange the inserts about a cylindrical core and then cast the metal about the core and its surroundii'ig inserts. Of course, the inserts are not irn'ily secured to the core, and when the cylindrical core is driven out, the inserts remain in 'the casting and are lirn'ily shrunk into the pockets by the shrinkage of the metal. When so formed it is obvious that the wide latitude may be given to the forniation of the pockets holding the inserts.

In effect, there is a homogeneous structure composed of two entirely diil'erent materials which could not ordinarily be united .in a permanent form.

Obviously, the exact forni of the grooves is not material so long as they have a lock ing etlectv on the fiber, although l1 have l'ound that the form shown and described appears to have particular inerit in use as bea rings formed in this manner have stood most unusual tests even under the hardest wear and usage.

The invention herein described relates particularly to the bearing' and has been divided out of a cci-pending application rial. No. 23,617, filed April llth, 1915, and entitled Antrfriction bearing and method of producing saine. The claims and pres ent application relate` to anti-friction bear ing and are quite distinct from the niethml elaiins of the eo-ln-nding application. l

What I claim as my invcition and desire to secure-by Letters Patent is:

1.. An anti-friction bearingr consisting of a metallic shell having east 'therein a series of grooves extending from end to and of thc shell and inserts fornied of an iinl'iregnated' fibrous mat 'ial shrunk into, and thereby locked .in said grooves.

2. Au anti-friction bearing| consisting of a metallic shell having grooves0 east therein and extending longitudinally thcreiirand lubricating inserts formed to size from an positively and holds they inserts.

inujneiggnatod fibrous material and adapted to be shrunk. into and thereby locked in said grooves.

3. An anti-friction bearing consisting of an unlnolen metallic shell having grooves cast therein and extending longitudinally thereof and lulmiifating inserts adapted to be shrunk lit andfthereby locked in said grooves, said inserts being :formed of a selflubricating impregnated iibrous material 'formed to lit and be locked in said grooves,

as the shell shi-inks upon cooling.

t. An antidfrietion bearing consisting of an unbroken metallic shell having cast therein grooves extending longitudinally thereof, said grooves at their bases being -widcr than at the bore ol` the bearing and inserts of an impregnated lubricating iibrous material" formed to fit and be shrunk into said grooves.. 75-

and adapted to be looked therein when shrunk into the gino by the cooling of the shell.

5. As an article of uuinu'facture, an antifriction liiearing produced with a metallic shell, having a `central. bore and provided with a series of iinpregnateifl tibi-ous lubricating inserts, said, bearing produced by fasting the metal oit' the shell in a niold about a Core to forni the central bore, said core having' the inserts arranged about it; and driving out the core when the metal ,has suiliciently eooled to hold the inserts.

(3. The method ot. producing an anti-friction bearing of the character defined which consists in providing' a central core and supporting thereon a series of impregnated lita-ous lubricating inserts; casting metal about the sore and its inserts; driving out the eontial core a "liter the metal is partially cooled; and holding the inserts in the metal by ahrinltage ol the metal as it cools.

is au article of inaiuifact'urc, an antifriotion bearing In'odui'zed. by casting a meltallio shell, having'inserted therein during casting a series ot' impregnated fibrous lubricating inserts, said shell with its inserts being about a core sustaining the inserts, said core capable of being driviiai out of the mold leaving the inserts in the cast metal, wheren upon as the inc .il eools .it shrinks about and Laie-n s.` BACHE.

"Witnesses (iro. T. Smalley, W'M. Il". JENMNGS.

formed by casting the metal in a mold 

